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Amakuru y'ibanzeMu MahangaUburezi

USA-Uburezi: Umwana w’umunyeshuri yazanye imbunda arasa Abantu batatu

by Marie Joseline Nyituriki
written by Marie Joseline Nyituriki

Muri leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika mu mujyi wa Idaho, Umwana w’umukobwa w’umunyeshuri uri mu kigero cy’imyaka 11 na 12, yazanye imbunda mu ishuri arasa bagenzi be ndetse n’undi mukozi aho kuri icyo kigo nkuko Polisi yo muri ako gace yabitangaje.

Uyu mwana utatangajwe amazina wiga muwa gatandatu  w’Amashuri abanza (sixth grade), yazanye imbunda ku ishuri rya Rigby Middle School muri uwo mujyi wa Rigby maze ayirashisha bagenzi be.

Umwalimukazi yabashije kwambura imbunda uwo mwana ndetse aramufunga kugeza polisi ihageze ikamujyana muri kasho, nk’uko abayobozi babivuga, impamvu yamuteye gukora ibi ntiramenyekana.

Steven Anderson ukuriye igipolisi aho, yavuze ko uyu mukobwa “yavanye imbunda mu gikapu cye, akarasa inshuro nyinshi mu ishuri no hanze,” yongeraho ko uyu mukobwa ari uwo mu mujyi wo hafi aho wa Idaho Falls kandi ko Iki gikorwa kiri gukorwaho iperereza na FBI.

Yandel Rodriguez w’imyaka 12 yabwiye ibiro ntaramakuru Associated Press dukesha iyi nkuru ati”Njyewe na bagenzi banjye twari mu ishuri, turi kwiga, hanyuma twumva urusaku rukomeye nyuma n’urundi rusaku rwinshi nk’urwo. Twumva abantu bataka, “Mwalimu wacu yagiye kureba asanga hari amaraso.”

Kugeza ubu, Abayobozi bavuga ko hari icyozere ko nta numwe uri buhitanwe n’ibikomere kuko bari kwitabwaho n’abaganga.

Amerika iracyugarijwe n’ibibazo byo kurasa abantu mu kivunge bishingiye ku ntwaro nyinshi ziri mu bantu.

Kuva ageze mu biro, Perezida Joe Biden yamaze gutangaza intambwe za mbere zo kugenzura intwaro nyuma y’ibikorwa byinshi nk’ibyo.

Muri izo harimo gushyiraho amategeko ku mbunda zimwe, gukaza ibyo gusuzuma amateka y’abantu no gufasha ibikorwa byo gukumira urugomo.

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Amakuru y'ibanzeAmatekaMu MahangaUburezi

Uburezi-Nigeria: Uwagendanaga icyapa asaba akazi, yakabonye

by ELEVANIE Namusisi
written by ELEVANIE Namusisi

Umukobwa wo mu gihugu cya Nigeria warumaze iminsi agendana icyapa gikozwe mu gikarito, asaba akazi kuko yari amaze kurangiza amasomo y’ibijyanye n’amasoko no kwamamaza, kuri ubu yamaze kukabona.

Praise Atakele  ni umukobwa wo mu gihugu cya Nigeria akaba afite impamyabumenyi y’ikirenga mu itumanaho no kwamamaza  akaba yagaragaye yishimye, nyuma yo kuzenguruka mu muhanda afite icyapa arangisha ahaba hari akazi ngo agahabwe.

Mu kwezi kwa gatatu 2021 Atakele yaratinyutse afata igikarito akoramo icyapa cyanditseho ko akeneye akazi. ibi yabikoze bitewe nuko yari amaze igihe atagira akazi Kandi yari yarize afite n’impamyabumenyi y’ikirenga. Ku itariki 20 z’ukwezi kwa kane 2021 nibwo Atakele yasohoye amafoto ye yicaye mu biro yishimye agaragaza ko yabonye akazi , gusa ntiyatangaje aho yaba akorera.

Amakuru dukesha  Legit avugako nyuma y’uko amafoto ya Atakele asakaye  kumbuga nkoranyambaga, ibigo byinshi byatangiye kumwegera.

Atakele abinyujije k’urukuta rwa Twitter, yashimiye Imana  anasabira umugisha,abantu bose bagaragaje ifoto ye ndetse ashimira umuntu wese waba waragize uruhare mu kumumenyekanisha bikaba byaratumye abona akazi.

Yagize ati”Ndashaka kuvuga byinshi, gusa ndashimira Imana, ihe umugisha abantu bose bashyize ifoto yanjye kuri Twitter bakajya babimenyesha ababasha kumpa akazi, bashyize inkuru yanjye ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zitandukanye ndetse no ku masosiyete yangezeho. Mwarakoze ku bw’umutima witanga. Amakuru meza, amaherezo nabonye akazi!”

Ikibazo cyo kubura akazi muri iki gihugu gikomeje kwiyongera dore ko kiri mu bihugu bituwe n’abaturage benshi, kugeza ubwo abantu basigaye basoza kwiga bakabura akazi, bamwe muri bo abashiritse isoni n’ubwoba bagahitamo gufata ibyapa bakajya ku mihanda bafite amatangazo arangisha akazi. Ibi bikunda kuba cyane ku gitsina gore, kandi abatinyutse bagakoresha ubu buryo bakunze guhita bakabona.

Yari amaze igihe agendana icyapa gisaba akazi

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Amakuru y'ibanzeIsesenguraMu RwandaUburezi

Uburezi: Ababyeyi barasabwa gukurikirana Abana babo mu gihe bari gukoresha ikoranabuhanga biga

by ELEVANIE Namusisi
written by ELEVANIE Namusisi

Ababyeyi barasabwa gufata inshingano zo gukurikirana Abana babo, mu gihe bari gukoresha ikoranabuhanga biga, ndetse byaba na ngombwa bakihugura kuri ryo kugira ngo bamenye ibyo Abana barikoreraho.

Ibi byatangajwe na Esther Nkunda umukozi ushinzwe guhanga udushya muri Minisiteri y’ikoranabuhanga no guhanga udushya(Innovation), mu kiganiro Ed Tech  cyo kuri KT radio cyari  gifite insanganyamatsiko igamije kureba niba ikoranabuhanga mu burezi ryafasha kugeza uburezi kuri benshi.

Ni ikiganiro cyabaye kuri uyu wa mbere tariki 26 Mata 2021, aho Esther yabwiye ababyeyi ko bafite uburenganzira n’inshingano zo gukurikirana imyigire y’abana babo, bakamenya niba ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa aho biga, ndetse mu gihe babonye ibitagenda neza bakabibaza kuko aribo baba barerera abana babo muri ibyo bigo.

Ati “Ababyeyi mu ishuri ni bo baba bafite ijambo kuko nibo baba bazanye abana babo kugira ngo barererwe muri iryo shuri, mukabaza muti ese kuki abana bacu batiga bakoresheje mudasobwa, kuki batari gukoresha ikoranabuhanga biga kandi tubizi neza ko bazanye ibikoresho.”

Nkunda Esther umukozi muri Minisiteri y’ikoranabuhanga n’udushya.

Nkunda yakomeje asaba ababyeyi kujya baha abana babo telefone mu gihe bakeneye gusubira mu masomo bakoresheje ikoranabuhanga ariko bakabakurikirana bakamenya neza niba bari kuyikoresha mu kwiga.

Ati” Hari n’abavuga ngo telefone zirarangaza najye kwandika ariko ukwiye kubaza icyo bize ukanareba ko aribyo arimo kureba, nsomera ibyo uri kureba, ukamusobanuza ibyo aribyo ukanabaza umuyobozi w’ishuri niba ibyo arimo kureba ariyo bigiraho.”

Akomeza asaba ababyeyi  ko nabo bakwiye kwihugura mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhango kugirango bajye babasha gufasha abana babo mu gusubiramo amasomo baba bigiye ku ishuri.

Yavuze ko hakigaragara imbogamizi zituma ikoranabuhanga ridakoreshwa neza, muri zo hakaba harimo ubushobozi buke bw’ababyeyi  batabasha kubona murandasi(internet) no kuba bose batabasha kubona umuriro w’amashanyarazi.

Uyu mukozi wa minisiteri Kandi avugako  Leta iba yakoze ibishoboka byose ikageza ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga (mudasobwa) ku ma shuri ngo abana bige ikoranabuhanga, ariko hakazamo ikibazo cyo kuba izo za mudasobwa ziba zikingiranye mubyumba ntizikoreshwe bavuga ko bari kuzirinda ko zakwangirika. Ibi bikaba ari byo yashingiyeho asaba Ababyeyi kugira uruhare bakajya bakurikirana abana baba barererwa muri ibyo bigo nabo bakamenya niba Koko  abana babo biga hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga.

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Amakuru y'ibanzeMu RwandaUburezi

Ruhango-Uburezi: Umwalimu akurikiranweho kwigira Avoka akambura umukecuru amafranga

by Marie Joseline Nyituriki
written by Marie Joseline Nyituriki

Umwalimu wigishaga mu karere ka Ruhango, ari mu maboko y’ubugenzacyaha akurikiranyweho kwiyita Avoka akambura umukecuru amafranga ibihumbi 400.

Mu karere ka Ruhango, Umwalimu witwa Frederick Munyakazi uzwi nka Fils, ari mu maboko y’ubugenzacyaha akurikiranyweho gukoresha uburiganya akambura Amafranga umukecuru Mukeshimana Christine.

Uyu mugabo Munyakazi, yamenye ko uyu mubyeyi afite umugabo ufunze maze aramwegera amubwira ko ari Avoka, amusaba ibihumbi 400 by’amafranga y’u Rwanda nk’igihembo gihabwa Avoka, kugira ngo azaburanire umugabo we.

Uyu mukecuru yabisamiye hejuru kuko yifuzaga ko umugabo we ataha, hanyuma ayo mafranga ayamuha mu byiciro bibiri. Igihe cyo kujya kuburuna cyarageze bategereza ubunganira mu mategeko baraheba, bituma uyu mukecuru Christine yiyambaza inzego zibishinzwe uyu mwalimu atabwa muri yombi.

Nkuko umuvugizi w’umusigire w”urwego rushinzwe ubugenzacyaha(RIB) Dr. Murangira B Thierry yabitangarije Umuseke, yavuze ko icyaha Munyakazi Fréderick akekwaho yagikoze mu mpera z’ukwezi z’Ukuboza 2020.

Umuvugizi wa RIB yavuze ko Munyakazi ayo mafaranga yayahawe mu byiciro bibiri, uwo yagombaga kunganira ageze mu Rukiko ategereza ko Umwunganizi we  aboneka araheba.

Akomeza avuga ko usibye iki cyaha cyo kwihesha ikintu cy’undi hakoresheje uburiganya anakekwaho icyaha cyo kwiyitirira urwego rw’umwuga.

Ati: ”Yihishe ubutabera amezi atatu, yibagirwa ko guhunga ubutabera ari ikosa, ubu dosiye ye igiye gushyikirizwa Ubushinjacyaha.”

Icyaha kiramutse gihamye uriya Mwarimu ashobora guhanishwa igihano cy’imyaka 2-3 n’ihazabu ya miliyoni 3 kugeza kuri miliyoni 5Frw.

Naho ku cyaha cyo kwiyitirira urwego rw’umwuga, kimuhamye ashobora guhanishwa igifungo cy’ukwezi 1 cy’amezi 6 akanatanga n’ihazabu y’ibihumbi biri hagati ya 500 na miliyoni y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.

RIB isaba abaturage ko bajya basuzuma bakanashishoza kugira ngo bamenye ababashuka abo ari bo mbere yo kubaha amafaranga.

Kugeza ubu uyu mwalimu Munyakazi Fréderick afungiye kuri Sitasiyo ya Polisi i Nyamagana mu Karere ka Ruhango.

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Amakuru y'ibanzeMu RwandaUburezi

Muhanga: Ku nshuro ya Cyenda kaminuza ya ICK, yatanze impamyabumenyi ku banyeshuri barangije

by Marie Joseline Nyituriki
written by Marie Joseline Nyituriki

Kuri uyu wa Kabiri tariki 30 Werurwe 2021, Kaminuza Gatorika ya Kabgayi izwi mu ndimi z’amahanga nka Intitut Catholique de Kabgayi (ICK), yatanze impamyabumenyi ku banyeshuri 313 barangije icyiciro cya kabiri cya Kaminuza(Bachelor degree), mu mashami atandukanye.

Ni umuhango wabereye kuri iyi kaminuza iherereye mu karere ka Muhanga, umurenge wa Nyamabuye, aho witabiriwe na bamwe mu banyeshuri bahagarariye abandi, mu rwego rwo kwirinda ikwirakwira ry’icyorezo cya Corona abandi bawukurikirana hifashishijwe ikiranabuhanga nka YouTube ndetse na Pacis TV bari murugo iwabo.

Bamwe mu banyeshuri bakiriye izi mpamyabumenyi hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga baganiriye n’ikinyamakuru Isezerano.com, bavuga ko babyakiriye neza, nubwo byari kuba byiza kurushaho iyo baza kuba bose bitabiriye umuhango aho wabereye.

Uyu witwa Pacific Umuhire umwe mu barangije mu ishami ry’inozamubano(Public relations) yagize ati” twishimiye ko twahawe impamyabumenyi twamaze igihe dushaka. Twakagombye kuba twarazihawe umwaka ushize wa 2020 ariko ntabwo byakunze kubera ko hahise hazamo icyorezo cya Corona virus. Ubundi byari kuba byiza iyo twese tuba twitabiriye umuhango, ariko ntabwo byashobotse kubera tugomba kwirinda icyorezo.”

Pacific Umuhire yakurikiranye umuhango kuri televiziyo.

Uyu witwa Eric nawe urangije mu ishami ry’itangazamakuru ati” bwanyuma na nyuma tubonye icyo twamaze igihe dushaka, Imana ishimwe. Twakurikiye uyu muhango turi murugo, byagenze neza ariko byari kuba akarusho iyo twese tugera aho wabereye. Gusa ubu tugiye gusangira na bamwe mu bagize imiryango yacu, kuko bitashoboka ko bose bahagera kubera ingamba zashyizweho na minisiteri y’ubuzima twirinda icyorezo.”

Aba banyeshuri bose bahuriza kukuba bashimishijwe no gusoza icyiciro cya kabiri cya Kaminuza, ndetse bavuga ko biteguye gutanga umusanzu wabo mu kubaka igihugu kandi ko bazakoresha imbaraga n’ubumenyi bafite ku isoko ry’umurimo ndetse no mukazi.

Uyu muhango kandi wari witabiriwe n’Abayobozi b’inzego bwite za leta zihagarariwe n’umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Muhanga, ndetse n’inzego za Kiliziya zihagarariwe na Musenyeri Smargde Mbonyintege umushumba wa Diyosezi Gatorika ya Kabgayi, akaba umuyobozi mukuru w’iyi kaminuza ndetse n’umushyitsi mukuru muri uyu muhango.

Musenyeri Smargde umuyobozi mukuru wa ICK.

Nkuko byatangajwe n’umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Muhanga Kayitare Jacqueline, ngo iyi kaminuza ntifasha gusa abayigamo kuko ifasha n’abaturage bayituriye mu bikorwa byo kwiteza imbere bava mu bukene.

Ati” kaminuza Gatorika ya Kabgayi ifite amashami atandukanye kandi ikabasha kwigisha abanyeshuri bayo neza, ibyo turabyishimira nk’ubuyobozi, ariko kandi ntabwo ifasha abanyeshuri bayo gusa, kuko ifasha n’abaturage bayikikije mu bikorwa by’uterambere by’umwihariko mu bijyanye n’ubuhinzi, ubu abaturage ba Muhanga hari ibyo bamaze kugeraho babikesha iyi kaminuza.”

Mu ijambo yagejeje ku bitabiriye n’abakurikiye uyu muhango, Musenyeri Smargde yashimye abanyeshuri barangije amasomo yabo ko bitwaye neza, ndetse ahamya ko ubumenyi bajyanye ku isoko ry’umurimo buzagirira igihugu akamaro.

Ati” banyeshuri mwahawe impamyabumenyi uyu munsi, murangije icyiciro ariko ntabwo murakinjiramo. Ubumenyi musohokanye mufite urugamba rwo kubujyana ku isoko ry’umurimo mukigisha ndetse mukanabukoresha. Ubuhanga mujyanye hanze buzagaragara mu bunoge, mu gihe muzaba muri kubukoresha kandi mwubaka igihugu.”

Ni umuhango watangijwe n’imyiyerekano y’abanyeshuri.

Yakomeje abwira aba banyeshuri barangije ko kimwe mu bintu bishobora kubangamira ubumenyi bavanye mu ishuri, ari ukurarikira inyungu yihuse kandi kugira ngo uyibonr bisaba gutanga imbaraga z’ubwenge n’imbaraga z’umutima. Ati” zimwe mu nshingano za kaminuza ya ICK, harimo gufasha umuntu uyirangijemo kujya ku isoko ry’umurimo afite ubushobozi ndetse n’ubumenyi bwo guhanga ibishya bitigeze bikorwa n’abandi bamubanjirije, bihuye n’igihe arimo ndetse n’ingorane ahura nazo. Umurimo wanyu ntabwo ari umurimo ushojwe ahubwo ni umurimo ufunguye uhereye kuri uyu munsi mwabonyeho impamyabumenyi zanyu.

Musenyeri kandi yasabye aba banyeshuri kuticara, ahubwo bakamenya guhanga udushya. Ibi yabivuze ashingiye ku ngaruka z’icyorezo cya Corona virus zageze ku banyeshuri biga muri iyi kaminuza, aho yabashijr gukoresha ikoranabuhanga igafasha abanyeshuri kwigira mu ngo zabo, mu rwego rwo kubarinda gusigara inyuma mu masomo.

Tubibutse ko Kaminuza Gatorika ya Kabgayi yatangiye mu mwaka wa 2002, icyo gihe yitwaga Universté Catholique de Kabgayi nyuma iza guhindurirwa inyito yitwa Institut Catholique d Kabgayi. Ni imwe muri kaminuza zimaze gushinga imizi mu Rwanda mu mashami atandukanye byumwihariko itangazamakuru, ndetse ibi bikagaragazwa n’abanyeshuri bayisohokamo, n’uburyo bitwara ku isoko ry’umurimo. Ifite amashimi arimo Itangazanakuru n’inozamubano, Ubukungu ndetse nandi atandukanye.

Imaze gusohora ibyiciro icyenda by’abanyeshuri bajya ku isoko ry’umurimo mu mashami atandukanye, kandi ikaba igikomeje gutanga ubumenyi.

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Amakuru y'ibanzeUburezi

Rubyiruko : Nigute wabaho urangwa ni kinyabupfura no kubaha ababyeyi bawe ?

by Ali Gilbert Dunia
written by Ali Gilbert Dunia

Igice cyo gukura bisobanura gufata inshingano nyinshi mubuzima bwawe no mubikorwa byawe. Ariko kumva ko ufite inshingano n’ubwigenge bishobora gutera amakimbirane hagati yawe n’ababyeyi bawe. Ariko, gutega amatwi ababyeyi bawe no gukomeza umurongo w’itumanaho ufunguye bizabereka ko ububaha kandi bifuza.

Irinde imvugo yumubiri itiyubashye mugihe ababyeyi bawe bakuvugisha.

Ereka ababyeyi bawe ko ubitayeho witonze mu gihe bakuvugisha. Hagarara neza amaboko yawe aruhutse kuruhande rwawe. Niba ababyeyi bawe batekereza ko utumva, birashoboka cyane ko barakara bakibwira ko utabitayeho.

Ingero zururimi rw’umubiri zerekana imyifatire yo gusuzugura :

Kurega amaboko ukareba ukundi.

Kuzamura amaso mu gihe utemeranya n’ikintu runaka.

Kubareba bikabije, cyangwa kubareba.

Irinde kubangamira ababyeyi bawe mu gihe barimo baganira. Reka ababyeyi bawe bavuge ibyo bakeneye kuvuga mbere yo gusubiza.

Ntukababuze hagati y’interuro niba utemeranya n’ibintu bavuze. Ahubwo, tegereza kugeza barangije kuvuga.

Barangije kuvuga, baza, “Nshobora kugira icyo mvuga, ndakwinginze?”

Saba ibisobanuro. Nibyiza niba udasobanukiwe nibyo ababyeyi bawe bagerageza kukubwira. Niba wisanze muri ibi bihe, ongera usubire mumagambo yawe ibyo bakubwiye kugirango ugamije gusobanura. Ubu buryo, wowe n’ababyeyi bawe muzaba ku rupapuro rumwe, kandi kuvugana nabi ntibishobora kubaho.

Vuga, nk’urugero, “Icyo numvise nuko ushaka ko ndangiza umukoro wanjye n’akazi mbere yuko nkundana n’inshuti zanjye. Ese ibyo ni byo? ”

Gira ikiganiro n’ababyeyi bawe byibuze rimwe mu cyumweru. Ababyeyi bakunda kumenya ibibera mubuzima bwumwana wabo. Bakunda kumva ibijyanye nishuri, inshuti, gahunda zicyumweru, nizindi ngingo. Rimwe cyangwa kabiri mu cyumweru, icarana na nyoko cyangwa papa nyuma yo kurya cyangwa gufata ifunguro rya mu gitondo kugira ngo ufate.

Kuganira n’ababyeyi bawe bizabafasha kumva ko ubakunze cyane. Ibi bizafasha kubaka umubano wizerana hagati yawe n’ababyeyi bawe.

Bakomeze  mu gihe uri hanze y’inzu. Mu gihe uri hanze hamwe ninshuti zawe, hamagara cyangwa wandike ababyeyi bawe burigihe. Bamenyeshe aho uri n’icyo ukora, cyane cyane niba gahunda zawe zihindutse. Byongeye kandi, menya neza ko ubamenyesha niba utazashobora kubigira mu rugo mu gihe wavuze ko uzaba.

Urugero, niba uri ku isoko hamwe nabagenzi bawe kandi bashaka kujya kureba firime aho, andikira mama wawe cyangwa papa wawe urebe niba aribyo byiza mbere y’uko ujya muri firime hamwe nabagenzi bawe.

Komera ku ngingo. Niba wasanze ufite ikiganiro udashaka kugirana nababyeyi bawe, irinde kuzana ibibazo bidafite akamaro kugirango uhindure ingingo. Guhindura ingingo bisa nkaho ugerageza guhisha ikintu. Niba udashaka kuvuga ku kintu runaka muri iki gihe, baza niba ushobora kubiganiraho nyuma.

Vuga, nk’urugero “Nzi ko musore mushaka kuvuga kuri iki gihe, ariko simbyumva. Turashobora kubiganiraho nyuma? ”

Ba inyangamugayo. Rimwe na rimwe kuba inyangamugayo birashobora kugorana, cyane cyane niba bivuze ko utazabona inzira yawe. Mu kuba inyangamugayo kuva mu ntangiriro, ariko, urashobora kubaka umubano wizerana n’ababyeyi bawe. Ababyeyi bawe ntibazabura kwibaza impamvu zawe mu gihe kiri imbere.

Kurugero, niba ababyeyi bawe bakubajije abo muhurira ku isoko, babwire amazina y’abantu bose kubumenyi bwawe.

 

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Amakuru y'ibanzeMu RwandaUburezi

Kigali: Akanyamuneza ni kose ku banyeshuri basubukuye Amasomo yabo

by Marie Joseline Nyituriki
written by Marie Joseline Nyituriki

Abanyeshuri biga mu mashuri yo mu mujyi wa Kigali, Abanza, ayisumbuye ndetse na Kaminuza, nyuma yo kumara hafi ukwezi batajya ku ishuri kubera icyorezo cya Corona Virus, ubu akanyamuneza ni kose kuko bongeye gusubukura amasomo yabo.

Nkuko Abaganiriye n’ikinyamakuru Isezerano.com kuri uyu wa kabiri tariki 23 Gashyantare 2021 babitangaje, bavuga ko bongeye kwishima kuko ubu bagiye gukomeza amasomo yabo kandi nubwo bari bamaze iminsi batajya ku ishuri, ngo barizera ko batasigaye inyuma cyane y’abiga mu ntara zo hanze y’umujyi wa Kigali.

Uyu witwa Robert Nsengimana ni umunyeshuri muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda Ishami rya Kigali yagize ati” nubundi aho twari turi murugo, twageragezaga gusubiramo amasomo yacu, ariko kuba bongeye kutudohorera tugasubira ku ishuri ni iby’agaciro gakomeye kandi biradushimishije.”

Ishimwe Benitha wiga ku rwunge rw’Amashuri rwa Busanza nawe yagize ati” nkanjye nitegura gukora ikizamini gisoza amashuri yisumbuye. Iminsi twari tumaze murugo sinayipfushije ubusa, ahubwo narize, kandi ndizera ko nubwo dusubukuye amasomo dutinze tutasigaye inyuma cyane y’abiga mu ntara zo hanze ya Kigali.”

Aba banyeshuri bavuga ko nubwo hari hariho uburyo bwo kwiga hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, bagiye bahuriramo n’imbogamizi nyinshi kuko hari abatarabashije gukoresha ubwo buryo bitewe n’ikibazo cy’ubushobozi buke.

Isimbi ati” uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga bwarakoreshejwe ariko bitewe nuko Hari abanyeshuri bamwe nabamwe badafite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha murandasi, ubona bigenda bidindiza bamwe, nkubu Hari abasigaye mukigo aho byorohaga kubona murandasi, ariko abari bari mu ngo iwabo byaragoranaga bitewe no gushaka icyo kurya ukagerekaho no gushaka ubushobozi bwo kugura iyo murandasi(internet) ibyo bikaba imbogamizi. Hari n’abatari bafite ibikoresho nka telefoni cyangwa mudasobwa.”

Bakomeza bati” ntabwo kudindira byabura kuberako twagiraga umwanya uhagije wo gusubira mu masomo, harimo no gusobanurirana ariko ubonako byahagaze. Nubwo Atari cyane ariko kudindira bizabaho.”

Aba banyeshuri basaba ubuyobozi ko mu gihe habayeho guhagarika amasomo igihe kinini, hajya habaho ubufatanye hagati y’ababyeyi n’ubuyobozi, bagakurikirana Abana baba bari mu rugo, bakamenya ibyo bakeneye kugira ngo badacikanwa n’amasomo baba bagenewe cyangwa ngo badindire.

Mu nama y’Abaminisitiri yateranye ku wa 19 Gashyantare 2021 iyobowe nya Nyakubahwa Perezida wa repubulika Paul Kagame, niyo yafatiwemo umwanzuro wo gufungura bimwe mu bikorwa birimo Amashuri yo mu mujyi wa Kigali yari amaze igihe afunze imiryango ndetse n’insengero zujuje ibisabwa, kubera ko imibare y’abandura icyorezo cya Corona Virus yagabanutse.

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Amakuru y'ibanzeUburezi

Sobanukirwa: byinshi ku buryo amazi akora urugendo rwisubiramo kandi ruhoraho (Water Cycle)

by Ali Gilbert Dunia
written by Ali Gilbert Dunia

Bitatu bya kane by’Isi bigizwe cyangwa bitwikiriwe n’amazi, kandi igice kinini cy’ayo mazi cyihariwe n’amazi y’inyanja, asigaye yose akaba ibiyaga, inzuzi, n’imigezi.

Uramutse ukurikiranye urugendo rw’igitonyanga kimwe cy’amazi aho rwahereye mu kirere, ugakomeza aho cyagiye gica mu misozi, ugakomeza ukagikurikirana mu rugendo rwacyo, wabona uru rugendo rwacyo rutangaje cyane.

Kuko wamara igihe cyawe cyose cyo kubaho wurira imisozi, umanuka mu migezi, ugenda munsi y’ ubutaka ndetse rimwe na rimwe ukisanga uri mu Nyanja, gusa urugendo rw’ amazi ntago rurangirira aho gusa, amazi yose akomeza gutemba.

Amazi agira urugendo rurerure ruhoraho kandi rwisubiramo, kuko amazi ahora mu rugendo rwo kuva mu kirere aza ku Isi, akongera akava ku Isi asubira mu kirere, mu rurimi rw’icyongereza urwo rugendo ruzwi ku izina rya “Water Cycle” cyangwa “Cycle de l’eau” mu rurimi rw’igifaransa.

Impamvu ituma urugendo rw’amazi ruhoraho kandi rwisubiramo, biterwa n’izuba. Imirasire y’izuba icanira amazi ari ku Isi, agacayuka, agahinduka umwuka, agasubira mu kirere (atmosphere) mu buryo bw’umwuka.

Iyo uwo mwuka w’amazi (water vapor) ugeze mu kirere uhura n’undi mwuka ukonje, bityo bigatuma nawo ugenda ukonja buhoro buhoro.Iyo umwuka w’amazi umaze gukonja cyane, urahinduka ukaba urubura, arirwo twe tubona mu kirere tukarwita ibicu cyangwa ibihu.

Iyo rwa rubura (ibicu by’imvura) rumaze kwirundanya ari rwinshi, ruramanuka rukagaruka ku Isi rugatanga imvura. Iyo imvura imaze kugwa, amazi y’imvura amwe ajya mu butaka (ground water), andi asigaye atabashije kwinjira mu butaka, asigara hejuru ku buso bw’Isi (Surface water).

Amazi asigara hejuru ku butaka niyo yongera agahura n’imirasire y’izuba agacayuka agahinduka umwuka, agasubira mu kirere akongera agahura n’umwuka ukonje akawukonjesha nkuko twabivuze mu gice cyo hejuru.

Ibi kandi ni nako bigenda ku mazi y’inyanja kuko nayo izuba riyarasaho imirasire, maze agacayuka hakazamuka umwuka w’amazi utarimo umunyu, mu gihe igice cy’umunyu gisigara mu nyanja.

Bisobanura ngo amazi arimo umunyu (amazi y’inyanja), izuba niryo rituma umunyu ujya ukwawo, noneho amazi yakuwemo (Fresh water), niyo yongera akazamuka mu kirere mu buryo bw’umwuka.

Amazi abantu bakoresha bavomye ku mavomo yabo aturuka mu migezi, aho aba atemba hejuru y’ubutaka.

Gusa aya mazi yo mu migezi atembera hejuru y’ ubutaka yose ntago ariko ahora atemba hari ayo usanga yirundanije adatemba akaba ariyo twita amazi y’ibiyaga.

Kugirango amazi tuvoma kuri za Robine zacu atugereho bisaba ko hubakwa urugomero ku kiyaga cyangwa ku migezi kugirango babone uko bayatunganya, banayakurura bayageza ku baturage asukuye.

 

 

 

 

 

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Amakuru y'ibanzeUburezi

Menya neza impamvu abantu bamwe bakoresha ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru kw’imoso abandi bagakoresha indyo

by KATABARWA Gilbert
written by KATABARWA Gilbert

Iyo umuntu yandikisha ukuboko kw’indyo, uba ushobora no gushushanya, kurya cyangwa gutera ikintu icyo aricyo cyose ukoresheje ukuboko kw’iburyo, cyangwa ugatera umupira ukinisha cyane indyo.

Ubu bushobozi bwo kugira uruhande rukora cyane kurusha urundi ntibiba ku kuboko n’ukuguru gusa, ahubwo burya n’ugutwi cyangwa ijisho nabyo haba hari irikora kurusha irindi hagati y’iry’iburyo n’iry’ibumoso.

Ubushakashatsi buvuga ko mu mirimo ya buri munsi dukora hari igce kiganza ikindi mu kugira ubushobozi bwo gukora hagati y’imoso n’indyo.

Ubwonko bugabanyijemo ibice 2, aribyo igice cy’iburyo n’igice cy’ibumoso. Iyo umuntu akoresha imoso cyane kurusha indyo biba biterwa nuko igice cye cy’ubwonko cy’ibumoso aricyo gikora cyane.

Mu busanzwe ibyo bice byombi birafashanya mu mikorere y’umubiri ariko kuri buri wese hakabaho igice gikora kurusha ikindi.

Ariko iyo hagize igice cy’ubwonko cyangirika, yaba icy’imoso cyangwa indyo, ikindi gisigaye gisigarana inshingano zo gukora byose, ndetse ibi bikanatuma uruhande rusigaye rugira ubushobozi bwinshi rutari rusanganywe.

Kimwe nuko ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru gucitse, ukundi gusigaye guhita kugira ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gukora bitewe nuko imikorere y’ubwonko kuri urwo rugingo yimurirwa ku gice gisigaye, bityo bigatuma ubushobozi bwigisigaye bwiyongera.

Iyi nkuru dukesha Health.Com igaragaza ko 10% by’abatuye Isi bakoresha ukuboko kw’imoso. Ubwonko n’umubiri w’abantu bakoresha imoso bikora bitandukanye n’ibyabantu bakoresha indyo cyangwa bakoresha byombi.

Umwalimu wigisha ibijyanye n’imico, imyitwarire n’imigirire y’umuntu “Pschylogy” muri kaminuza ya Texas-Austin witwa Dr. Ronald Yeo avuga ko biba bigaragara mu gihe umwana ari gukura mu nda.

Dr.Ronald Yeo avuga ko gukoresha imoso bikurikirana mu muryango ku kigero cya 25%. Gusa yongeraho ko bikurikirana ku kigero kiri munsi y’indi mico umuntu avukana ayikomoye ku ruhererekane rw’umuryango, nk’uburebure, ubwenge, amahane n’ibindi.

Dr.Ronald avuga nanone impanga zishobora kuvuga zihuje byose ariko ugasanga imwe ikoresha imoso indi ikoresha indyo.

Mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe n’umwongereza buvuga ko abagore batwite bafite ibibazo bibahangayikishije cyane, bakunda kwikora mu maso cyangwa mu isura zabo bakoresheje ukuboko kw’imoso, kurusha uko bakoresha indyo, icyo akaba ari ikimenyetso cya mbere kigaragaza ko baba bashobora kuzabyara abana bakoresha imoso.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’itsinda ryo mu gihugu cya Suwede muri 2008, bwakorewe ku bagore bafite abana b’imyaka 5, ariko barababyaye bahangayitse cyane bugaragaza ko abo bana abenshi bakoresha imoso abandi bakaba bakoresha impande zombi (imoso, n’indyo).

Nanone ngo abana bavukanye ibiro bikeya, ndetse n’abana bavutse ku bagore bakuze cyane bakunze gukoresha imoso. Nanone ngo impanga nyinshi ziba zikoresha imoso, mu gihe izikoresha indyo zikunze gupfa zitaravuka zikiri muri nyababyeyi. Kandi nanone ngo umubare w’abantu benshi bakoresha imoso ku Isi n’uwimpanga kuko impanga zikoresha imoso zikubye kabiri abakoresha imoso atari impanga.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’umubiligi mu 1996, bwabonye ko 21% by’abana b’impanga baba bakoresha imoso. Dr.Gina Grimshaw ukuriye laboratory ya kaminuza ya Willington muri New Zealand, avuga ko abanshi mu bantu bakoresha ukuboko kw’iburyo, igice cyabo cy’ubwonko aricyo kiba gikora cyane kugirango babashe kuvuga.

Akomeza agira ati ariko ntibisobanuye ko abakoresha imoso bo igice cy’ubwonko aricyo gikora mu kuvuga.

Dr.Grimshaw akomeza avuga ko 98% by’abakoresha ukuboko kw’iburyo igice cyabo cy’ubwonko cy’ibumoso nicyo kiba gikora cyane.

Mu gihe ku bantu bakoresha ukuboko kw’imoso, 70% igice cy’ubwonko cyabo cy’ibumoso nicyo kiba gikora cyane, naho 30% bisigaye byabakoresha ukuboko kw’imoso igice cy’iburyo cy’ubwonko cyabo nicyo kiba gikora cyane cyangwa bakaba bakoresha ibice byombi by’ubwonko ku buryo bungana.

Gusa abantu benshi iyo babonye umwana akoresha imoso ntibibashimisha kuko bamenyereye ko abantu benshi bakoresha indyo.

Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri kaminuza ya Yale mur 2013, bakunze kurwara indwara zirimo iyitwa Schizophrenia, kuko 40% by’abarwarara iyi ndwara ni abakoresha ukuboko kw’imoso, kandi n’ubundi abakoresha imoso baba basanzwe ari bacye cyane.

Ikindi nuko abantu bakoresha imoso bakunze kumenya gukina kurusha abakoresha indyo.

Urugero nka Tennis, Boxing n’indi mikino y’amaboko usanga ukoresha imoso atera umupira wa Tennis neza, ukina Boxing nawe usanga atera igipfunsi neza ndetse bagakunda no gutsinda mu mikino njyarugamba itandukanye, irimo nka Karate, Kungufu n’iyindi.

Abakina umupira w’amaguru nabwo usanga abakoresha imoso bakina neza cyane, aha twavuga nk’ikirangirire muri ruhago Lionnel Messi ukinira ikipe ya FC Barcelona yo muri Espanye ariko akaba akomoka mu gihugu cya Argentine.

Dr. Ronald Yeo akora ubushakashatsi yakoze 1995 yabonye ko abantu bakoresha ukuboko kw’imoso bakunze guhanga udushya kurusha abakoresha indyo. Ariko nanone yongeraho ko abakunze guhanga udushya ari abigitsina gabo.

Kandi nanone bakunze kwihangira uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo kurusha abakoresha indyo.

Mu gihe ubushakashatsi bwa Dr.Grimshaw bwo muri 2013 bwagaragaje ko abkoresha impande zombie imoso n’indyo ku buryo bungana bakunze kuba aria bantu batuje cyane, badakunda kuvuga no kwisanzura mu bandi.

Mu nyigo yakozwe muri 2007 igasohoka mu kinyamakuru cyo mu bwongereza ivuga ko abagore bakoresha ukuboko kw’imoso bakunze kurwara kanseri y’ibere iyo bageze mu gihe cyo gucura imbyaro “Menopause” kurusha abakoresha indyo.

Dr.Ronald Yeo avuga ko akenshi umuntu utwaye ikinyabiziga akoresha imoso agakora impanuka, abantu bavuga ko aricyo cyabiteye ariko burya ngo ntaho biba bihuriye, kuko ngo amahirwe yo gukora impanuka kubakoresha imoso n’abakoresha indyo aba angana.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’itsinda ryo muri Scotland muri 2007, bugaragaza ko abantu bakoresha imoso iyo bari kureba filime cyangwa n’ikindi kintu icyo aricyo cyose gitiye ubwoba bagaragaza ihahamuka cyangwa ubwoba kurusha abakoresha indyo. Kandi burya ngo bakunze kugira uburakari n’umujinya bya hafi, ngo ibi bikaba biterwa nuko cya gice cy’ubwonko cyabo cy’iburyo kiba gikora gake cyane.

Dr.Ronald Yeo avuga ko abantu batagakwiye kugira ikibazo ku bantu bakoresha imoso ngo babime cyangwa babuze amahirwe angana nayabakoresha indyo ngo kuko hari abanyabwenge, abayobozi, ibyamamare mu muziki, mu mupira, mu itangazamakuru, mu bugeni n’ibindi twabonye nka Barack Obama, Justin Bieber, Lionnel Messi, Oprah Winfrey, Pele, Prince William.

 

 

 

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Amakuru y'ibanzeIsesenguraUburezi

Menya inkomoko y’ikimenyetso cy’imboneko y’ukukwezi mu Idini ya Islam

by Ali Gilbert Dunia
written by Ali Gilbert Dunia

Idini ya Islam yahereye muri Arabiya, aho yagiye yaguka iciye mu butayu mu nzira y’ubucuruzi bwakorwaga akenshi mu gihe cy’ijoro.

Muri icyo gihe icyaberekaga icyerekezo bajyamo ni ukwezi n’inyeneyeri. Ukwezi ku basilamu gushushanya kuyoborwa n’Imana mu nzira y’ubuzima.

Ukwezi gushya gushushanya ingengabihe y’Abasilamu “Muslim Calendar’ igizwe n’amezi 12, aho kugira iminsi 29 cyangwa 30. Rero muri Islam imboneko y’ukwezi, n’ukwezi ko kuri Calendar bikunze guhurirana.

Abasilamu bategereza ko ukwezi kugaragara, by’umwihariko mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa Ramadan,mu gihe iyo kubonetse aribwo bizihiza Id al-Fitr.

Inkuru dukesha[ A A Davis ]ukorera London SW7, ivuga ko ikoreshwa ry’ukwezi mu bimenyetso byinshi bya Islam ntaho bihuriye n’umumaro ushamikiye ku mboneko y’ukwezi muri Islam.

Hari ingero nyinshi zibigaragaza, nk’urugero amabendera menshi ya Islam aba arimo ukwezi gushaje “old moon”, cyangwa ukwezi guteye umugongo ukureba “reverse shape of the new moon” kuba kumeze nk’inyuguti ya C iteye umugongo.

Nanone uko ukwezi gushya kugenda kuboneka, niko ugushaje cyangwa ugushaje kugenda kugabanuka, uko kugenda kugaragara rero niko muri Islam bita “Cresent moon”.

Nubwo imboneko y’ukwezi ikunze gukoreshwa cyane n’idini ya Islam, siyo nkomoko yayo, nta nubwo yaturutse mu iyobokamana yabo.

William G Crampton, Director of the Flag Institute, Chester, avuga ko iki kimenyetso cy’ukwezi cyahoze gikoreshwa mu bugeni bwa gikristu mu binyejana byinshi byahise, urugero nkaho kwakoreshwaga gushaka kugaragaza ko Bikilamariya yari isugi “Virgin Mary”.

William G Crampton akomeza avuga ko ukwezi ari kimwe mu bimenyetso cyangwa ibirango bimaze igihe kirekire mu mateka y’abantu kuko kwifashishwaga cyane mu kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibintu mu bihe by’abantu b’I Babuloni muri Mesopotamia.

Kuko nk’urugero uhereye 2100 mbere y’ivuka rya Yesu, imboneko y’ukwezi yashushanyaga ikigirwamana cy’abanyabyaha, mu gihe inyenyeri yashushanyaga ikigirwamana cy’izuba.

Nyuma ukwezi kwaje kuba ikimenyetso kigaragaza ubutungane bw’abagore babicishije mu kigirwamana cyitwaga “Artemis” nabo basaga harimo nka “Diana” wahoze yizihizwa mu baroma bo hambere.

Uyu Diana yafatwaga nk’ikigirwamana kiri hejuru y’ibindi nkuko ukwezi nako kwari mu bigirwamana by’Abaroma.

 

Ukwezi kwinjira mu mikoreshereze ya Islam biciye muri Seljuk Turks aho yatsindaga Anatolia mu kinyejana cya 12, nyuma bigatangira gukoreshwa ku baturuka kuri Seljuk Turks.

Ottoman Turks yaje kuyobora icyo gihugu cya islam “Islamic Nation”, aho uwitwa Sultan yaje kuba Caliph (izina ry’urwego rw’ubuyobozi) kugeza mu 1922.

Mu kinyejana cya 19 nibwo ukwishirahamwe kwa Islam gutewe inkunga na Sultan Abdoul Hamid II, batangiye gukoresha ukwezi n’inyeyeri ku ibendera ry’icyatsi nk’irya Misiri, Pakistan, n’izindi Leta nyinshi za Islam, bitewe nicyo yashakaga n’imyumvire yari afite.

Inkuru dukesha ikinyamakuru “the Guardian” yatangaje ko mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe na Professor Richard Ettinghausen yavuze ko kugirango ukwezi gutangire gufatwa nk’ikimenyetso cy’imyemerere mu idini ya Islam byatangiye neza mu kinyejana cya 19.

 

 

 

 

 

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